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Kaktusfeige & Karmin-Cochenille: Einführung und Verwendung in Äthiopien
Paperback
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ISBN10: 6209087701
ISBN13: 9786209087707
Publisher: Verlag Unser Wissen
Published: Oct 7 2025
Pages: 68
Weight: 0.23
Height: 0.16 Width: 6.00 Depth: 9.00
Language: German
ISBN13: 9786209087707
Publisher: Verlag Unser Wissen
Published: Oct 7 2025
Pages: 68
Weight: 0.23
Height: 0.16 Width: 6.00 Depth: 9.00
Language: German
Kaktusfeigen werden traditionell im Norden Äthiopiens angebaut und verwendet. Die Menschen lieben es, die Früchte zu essen, aber sie bauen sie nicht selbst an. Die Früchte werden wild geerntet, und die einzige Pflege, die den Kaktusplantagen zuteilwird, ist das Umzäunen. Eine verbesserte Obstgartenbewirtschaftung wird nicht praktiziert. Die gestiegene Nachfrage nach Früchten und die mögliche Errichtung einer Verarbeitungsanlage könnten Anreize für eine intensive Bewirtschaftung als Kulturpflanze sein. Die vor einem Jahrzehnt in Nordäthiopien eingeführte Karmin-Cochenille diente den Bauerngemeinschaften. Foodsafe exportierte in drei Jahren 2000 Tonnen getrocknete Karmin-Cochenille. Interessenkonflikte zwischen den Gemeinschaften führten zur Schlie ung des Cochenille-Geschäfts in Äthiopien. Das Insekt verbreitete sich jedoch und wurde zu einem Schädling; zur Bekämpfung der wachsenden Populationen könnte biologische Schädlingsbekämpfung eingesetzt werden. Kaktusfeigen befallen mehr als 32 000 ha Land im Norden Äthiopiens, dominieren die einheimische Artenvielfalt und die Einführung der Karmin-Cochenille zielte auf eine Bewirtschaftung durch Nutzung ab. Mit der Schlie ung des Cochenille-Geschäfts breitete sich der Befall durch Cochenille jedoch aus. Die Bekämpfungsma nahmen zeigten keine Wirkung und etwa 16 000 ha Kaktusfläche sind mit Cochenille befallen. Die Ernte hätte der Gemeinde Einkommen verschaffen und dem Land dringend benötigte Devisen einbringen können.
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