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Wyspy patogeniczności bakterii
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ISBN10: 6208917581
ISBN13: 9786208917586
Publisher: Wydawnictwo Nasza Wiedza
Published: Jun 17 2025
Pages: 124
Weight: 0.39
Height: 0.29 Width: 6.00 Depth: 9.00
Language: Polish
ISBN13: 9786208917586
Publisher: Wydawnictwo Nasza Wiedza
Published: Jun 17 2025
Pages: 124
Weight: 0.39
Height: 0.29 Width: 6.00 Depth: 9.00
Language: Polish
Geny wirulencji bakterii chorobotwórczych, które kodują toksyny, adhezyny, inwazyny lub inne czynniki wirulencji, mogą znajdowac się na przenoszalnych elementach genetycznych, takich jak transpozony, plazmidy lub bakteriofagi. Ponadto geny te mogą stanowic częśc określonych regionów chromosomu bakteryjnego, zwanych wyspami patogeniczności (PAI). Wyspy patogeniczności występują zarówno w bakteriach Gram-ujemnych, jak i Gram-dodatnich. Są one obecne w genomie patogennych szczepów danego gatunku, ale nie występują lub występują bardzo rzadko w niepatogennych odmianach tego samego lub pokrewnych gatunków. Obejmują one duże regiony DNA (do 200 kb DNA) i często zawierają więcej niż jeden gen wirulencji, którego zawartośc G+C często różni się od zawartości pozostalej części genomu bakteryjnego. W większości przypadków PAI są otoczone specyficznymi sekwencjami DNA, takimi jak bezpośrednie powtórzenia lub elementy sekwencji insercji (IS). Ponadto PAI niektórych bakterii (np. uropatogennych Escherichia coli, Yersinia spp., Helicobacter pylori) mają tendencję do częstego usuwania lub mogą ulegac duplikacji i amplifikacji.
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